Furnace.



J. F. MCINTIRE'.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED MATR. 18. 1916.

L2?1W Patented Dec'. 12, 1916.

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JAMES F. IVICINTIRE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, `liSIrll'OlRi TO UNITED STATES RADIATOR CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FUR/NACE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. f2, with.

To f/.ZZ whom t may concern.' Y

Be it known that I, JAMES F. MoIN'riRE, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, ofv which the following is a specification, reference heilig had therein to the .accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to furnaces, and .has more particular reference ltol constructions employed in connection with water heaters Aor steam generators.

It is the obiect of the invention to obtain increased eniciency, and to this end the invention comprises the novel means employed for securing more complete combustion of the fuel and the advantageous utilization 0f the heat generated thereby.

The invention further comprises various featuresof construction as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings: Figure l is a longitudinal section through the furnace substantially on line ac Figs. 2 and 3; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof; Fig. 3 is a cross section on line jI/H-y/ Fig. l; and Fig. 4 is a similar section on line 2de.

In the construction of boilers for the heating of water or the generation of steam, it is usually an aim. to secure the maximum amount of heating surface within given space limits. This is not always advantageous, as the contact of the combustible with the comparatively cold surface often lowers the temperature to below the ignition point, resulting in imperfect combustion. Furthermore, as usually constructed there is not a complete commingling of the combustible gases with the air for supporting combustion until. after the temperature has been lowered to under the combustion point.

'Ifo overcome the defects just described, I

-.. have devised a construction of furnace in which a very complete commingling of the combustible gases with air is effected before said gases are brought into cont-act with any considerable amount of the surface'to be heated. I have further provided ignition means for the commingled gases, which in the normal operation of the furnace is effective whenever there is a generation of gas; as for instance, when fresh fuel is placed on the lire. Thus my improved construction sccures more complete combustion of the fuel, and the heat thus generated is subsequently effectively used in connection with the heating surface of the boiler.

ln the specic application of my invention which is illustrated, the furnace and boiler is composed of a series of apertured hollow sections placed adjacent to each other, the apertures forming the combustion chamber and Hue spaces, while the chambers within the sections contain the water .and

steam. Constructions ofthis type have been. heretofore used, and it has been the practice to divide the iue spaces into small sections by crossing water channels so as to secure the maximum amountof heating surface. l/Vith my improved construction, however, a considerable amount of this heating surface has been dispensed with and the combustion chamber and flue spaces enlarged to secure better combustion, which in turn secures greater efficiency even with .a reduced heating surface.

In detail, A are the furnace sections, all of which are apertured at B and B to form fines for the products of combustion., while the forward sections are centrally cut away at C to form the furnace chamber. At the bottom of this chamber are arranged grates D supported in an ash-pit section or base E, and a front section A forms a closing wall provided with fuel doors F. rFhere is also an imperforate rear section A2, which forms the rear wall of the furnace chamber, while the depending water-legs G upon opposite sides of the cut-away portion form the side walls of the furnace.

At the inner end of the portion of the furnace chamber which is directly above the ,gratos is a bridge wall, which is preferably a hollow water section lil formed integral with one of the furnace sections A3. Above this partition or wall. H is a restricted open ing I, preferably a pair of such openings I and I upon opposite sides of a central ver-4 tical water-wall .l also integral with the section A3.

As shown, the furnace ,is composed of pairs of sections arranged in. the same plane on opposite sides of the center, and the wall J is formed of adjacent abutting edges of the pair of sections. Directly in the rear of the partition H and. apertures I I', and preferably in. the plane of the next adjacent boiler section, is a second wall or partition?4 l J, butjhis instead of being formed integral heat, 25

vertically.

with the boiler section and of a hollow water-wall, is formed of a refractory material, such as fire-brick or' tile. Furthermore, the aperture through this wall for the passage of the gaseous products of combustion, instead of being opposite the apertures I I and running transversely of the furnace, is arranged at the ,center in the form of a comparatively narrow slot J extending Thus there is formed lbetween the walls or partitions H and J a commingling chamber 4in which the gases passing through the apertures I and I are compelled to pass laterally in bothl a vertical and horizontal direction to find exit through the slot J and during this transverse movement the air and combustible gases are thoroughly commingled. The rear wall J being of refractory material and being eX- posed to the heat of combustion, will soon acquire a comparatively high temperature and will maintainra considerable degree of even during the intervals between the feeding of the fuel when there is the least amount .of flame. On the other hand, when a fresh supply of combustible gas is formed and passes through the commingling ehamber the wall J will form a means of igniting thel commingled gas and air as it passes tofward the slot J.

In rear of the wall J the sections are cutaway to form a chamber K of sufficient size for proper combustion of the gases, which then pass upward through openings L into the side flues B, thence forward and through openings M into thecentral flue B, through' which they pass tothe rear and tothe stack connectie With the furnace constructed as described, in operation, when the fuel is first ignited upon the grates D it will burn in the chamber C, the gaseous products passing outward through the apertures I and I, commingling chamber N and slot J into the chamber K, and thence to the lues 'B and B. In ing the wall J the latter is heated, so that in a shortspace of time the flame will pass chamber K. During this passage thegases have acquired a high temperature and as there is an abundance of air, very complete combustion will take place. The heated products of combustion will then pass through the flues B and B and during trans-it will lgive up the greater part of their heat to the water sections.

The object of forming the wall H as a 'hollow water-wall is to impart greater mechanical strength to this member than would be possible with a refractory material, such as brick or tile. Furthermore, this wall is into the .ing aperture thereabove series of adjacent water sections apertured.

to form a furnace chamber and connecting lues therein, of a pair of spaced walls extending transversely across the `furnace chamber, having non-registering apertures for-the passage of the combustion gases therethrough, compelling a transverse movement and commingling of said gases between said walls, one of said walls being a water-wall integral with one of said furnace sections. 2

and the other of said walls being formed of refractory material.

2. In a furnace, the combination with a series of abutting hollow water sections apertured to form a furnace chamber and connecting flues therein, of a hollow waterwall formed integral. with one of said seetions and extending transversely across the lower portion of said furnace chamber-,with an aperture for the above, and a refractory wall extending parallel to and in rear of said water-wall, said refractory wall beingprovided with a vertical comparatively narrow slot for the passage of the gases out of registration with the aperture in said water-wall, and com'- pelling a transverse commingling movement of the gases between said walls.

3. In a furnace, the combination with a series of abutting arched hollow water sections, forming a furnace chamber surrounded with water walls, of grates extend# ing across a portion of said chamber, a hollow water-wall extending transversely across said chamber in rear of said grates, being formed integral with one of said scctions and providing a horiZontally-extend for the passage of gases, and a refractory wall built withinone of said arched sections in rear of said waterwall and providing a verticaily-extending comparatively narrow slot for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

, JAMES F. MCINTIRE.

IVitnesses:

JAMES P. BARRY, ADELAIDE T. ADAMS.

passage of gases therelOO 

